We usually push sand or moist clay in the pipe and then close both ends by making caps out of leftover PVC material. It would help if you filled this pipe with something weighted and with substance. Plastic can be easily cut using sharp knives, but if you own an angle cutter, that will make this quicker. You can do this by measuring the width of your lawn mower and cutting a small piece of PVC pipe that is exactly equal to it. At a much lower price, PVC pipes provide a good finish as they create stripes in the lawn. If you do not want to spend that much money buying rollers for striping your lawn, this is okay because you can stripe the lawn easily using PVC pipes and a riding type of lawn mower instead. Another method you can try is to ask around your friend circle to see if anyone owns a striping kit and can lend you theirs. You can make a DIY one using plastic or metal pipes if it doesn’t work. Many of these striping kits also come with a roller that you can use to create stripes. These can be installed in all sorts of riding-style mowers, whether electric or gasoline powered. These days, there are many good lawn striping kits available at such reasonable prices that there isn’t any need to go for a striping lawn roller. However, having a riding-type lawn mower would make striping without a roller so much easier. A push-type mower works well if your turf is small or reasonably sized. If you own a push-type lawn mower, it can be used to create stripes. You can cut grass in various directions to create as many patterns as possible. Lawn striping is all about the direction in which an individual grass blade is cut and then reflects the light to create beautiful optics. ![]() A push-type mower takes a lot of time, so it’s best to use a riding mower for making lawn stripes. To stripe your lawn without a roller, you can use your lawn mower and attach to it a homemade roller using PVC pipes. How Do You Stripe Your Lawn Without Roller? – Should I Stripe Wet Lawn Without a Roller?.– What Is the Ideal Grass Height for Lawn Striping Without Roller?.How Do You Stripe Your Lawn Without Roller?.If you have any questions, you can message us, and we will be happy to help. Use a strimmer for tight corners or boxed areas.Empty the clipping box regularly to prevent the mower from clogging.You can do this by either double cutting or even going over the stripes again with the mower engine turned off and using just the roller. ![]() Step 3: Finishing Touchesįinally, intensify your stripes and make them a prominent feature of your garden. Ensure you cut high, as longer grass is easily bent and will produce better stripes. Then focus on the stripes by lining your mower up in the direction you want your first row and mow to the end, turn 180 degrees and repeat until you reach the end of the lawn. This ensures the grass is cut right to the edge of the lawn. Set your mower to the highest height setting and start by mowing around the edges of the lawn at right angles. Your sketch will allow you to plan out what direction you will mow in. Having a rectangle-shaped lawn will make the job much easier however, if your lawn is irregularly shaped, pay attention to corners and shorter sections. Easy steps for how to get a striped lawn: Step 1: Make a planįirst of all, sketch out your garden and plan your stripes. You may need to invest a little time preparing your lawn by removing moss and weeds or perhaps filling patchy areas with some overseeding. Preparing Your Gardenįirstly it is much easier to stripe a lawn which is in a healthy condition with dark green coloured grass as the stripes will be really prominent. If your lawnmower doesn’t have a roller another option is to buy an attachment known as a striping kit. Many cylinder mowers have a roller at the back, which is crucial for creating stripes as it bends the grass in the desired direction. They have an internal rolling cylinder that passes a stationary blade. Cylinder mowers cut grass in a scissor-like motion. We have found cylinder mowers are highly recommended for creating stripes in lawns, whilst rotary lawn mowers are not suitable for the desired effect. A cylinder mower with a rear roller or a striping kit attached to your mower.Knowing how to get a striped lawn makes the process easier, and you'll have a pristine garden lawn in no time! What you’ll need for lawn stripes: ![]() One row of grass will be facing away from you whilst the other is neatly facing towards you, making your lawn look fabulous. Stripes within the grass are simply due to light reflecting off the grass blades in a certain direction.
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For help on how to download and install apps see our guide here. ![]() This is a free app and can be downloaded from the App store on an iPhone or from Google Play on Android. To use chat on a smartphone you will need to have the Messenger app installed. To insert one of these all you need to do is click on the required icon at the bottom of the chat window.Īdd photo, sticker, gif, emoji, attachment, take a pic or like. Many people like to enhance their messages with images, this can include photos, emojis and gifs. If they are online they are able to answer you immediately and a real time typed conversation can take place. Type your message in the box at the bottom and then press enter – your message will be sent to your contact. If no-one is showing type the first letter of the name of the person you want to message and all the names of friends beginning with that letter will show.Ĭlick on the name that you want to send a message to.Ī new window will pop up. It is usually found on the bottom right hand side of your screen and could be minimised as per the image below or showing a list of all your friends as contacts. To use chat you must be logged into your Facebook account. Messages to your friends will automatically notify them (depending on how they have their notifications set up). Messenger is also part of Facebook but is an app that has to be downloaded for you to be able to use this on your iPhone or iPad – we will look at how to do this later in this guide. It is similar to an email but has the advantage of being live if the person is logged into their Facebook account.Ĭhat is on your computer and accessed via Facebook. This is often known as DM (direct message) or PM (Private Message) as it goes directly to the person (or persons) you address it to and not onto your timeline. There are times when you are using Facebook that you might want to send a message directly to one or more of your friends. Unique features provide the ultimate in performance and comfort Savings are passed on to customers by equipping their kayaks with more features than other manufacturers, yet still selling for less! ![]() ![]() Not only do Elie kayaks provide unmatched durability, but since manufacturing cycle times are far shorter than the competition’s, the plant can produce up to 10 times the quantity of kayaks of equal or better quality at the same price. Composed of three layers, Poly-XR™ is 30% stiffer than standard polyethylene, delivers unparalleled durability and resistance to damage, and uses less material, resulting in lighter weight kayaks.Īll Elie models are finished with a top gloss layer for a glossy finish and deep colors – including new for 2013 colors, medium blue and orange- for a premium look that gets noticed on the water! in Environmental Design with a major in Industrial Design and a Technical Degree in Advanced Composites.Īll Elie kayaks are built in a 300,000 square foot manufacturing facility using an advanced thermoforming manufacturing process and their exclusive Poly-XR™ material. Several models in the Elie line were designed in collaboration with Olympic paddler François Letourneau, finalist in the C2 Canoe Slalom in the 1996 Olympics and C2 Canoe Slalom Champion in both the 2005 Pan-American and Canadian White-Water Slalom Championships. Get access to everything we publish when youĭesigned with Olympic paddler François Letourneau ![]() Step one foot far behind you and bring that knee down to the floor. Try incorporating some long-hold lunges to release the front hip.īegin in standing. While the gluteal muscles tend to get sleepy and weak with extended periods of sitting, the front of the hips can become overly tight which is another common contributor to low back pain. Follow up with a hugging of the knees into the chest to release. With your arms at your sides, press firmly into the heels to lift your pelvis and low/mid back up off of the mat.Įngage your buttocks at the peak of the pose, hold for a breath, and then release the spine back down to the floor. Ankles and knees should both be at hip distance. Lay on your back, bend your knees and draw your heels towards your buttocks. To keep your body supported from “behind," be sure to incorporate poses that activate your gluteals each day. One of the most unfortunate side effects of sitting for hours each day is the gradual weakening of the gluteal muscles (buttock muscles) which can contribute to many different structural issues in the body, from low back pain to knee instability. Take a few breaths, and then release the forehead and arms back down aim for 3-5 reps with a few breaths of rest in between. Interlace your fingers behind your back and on the inhale, lift your gaze and your upper chest off of the ground as you raise the arms up off of your back and gently tone your buttock muscles.Īllow the tops of your feet to rest on the floor. Lay on your belly with your forehead down on the floor or on a folded blanket. Incorporating a “chest opener” into your daily routine will move the spine into some much needed extension (backbend) after a day of flexion (forward fold), and help to draw the shoulders back. Hours spent leaning over a desk or computer can lead to a rounding in of the upper back and shoulders. Interlace your hands behind your back-if that feels too tight grab a strap (or something similar) to hold.Įxhale deeply as you fold forward over softly bent knees, rolling the arms up off of your back. ![]() To release further, stand by your desk with feet hip distance apart. Shrug your shoulders up high to your ears and then quickly release them back down aim for 10-20 reps. For an additional stretch, turn your chin down and toward the shoulder hold for a few breaths, and switch sides. If you find tight spots or “knots”, hold there and take a few breaths. If this feels good, begin taking complete circular movements with the head. Whenever you notice yourself feeling achy or stiff in the neck and shoulders, give these desk-friendly tension-busters a go!īegin with your chin to your chest, then slowly roll your head from side to side, pausing when your ear rests just over your shoulder. Take some time each day to stretch out and strengthen these targeted areas with these yoga for desk workers poses, and feel the workaday stress patterns melt away! Problem: Neck and Shoulder Tension Has sitting at a desk all day got you bent out of shape? While many people are aware of the tension and stiffness that come from spending countless hours seated and hunched over a computer, there can also be long-term consequences like low back pain, neck strain, a weakened front and back core, knee issues and tight hips. ![]() Ignoring a process that is known to have a strong influence on the area under study.Drawing a conclusion that is contradicted by the author's own statistical or qualitative evidence.While you should read the whole paper, making the right choice of what to read first can save time by flagging major problems early on.Įditors say, " Specific recommendations for remedying flaws are VERY welcome."Įxamples of possibly major flaws include: If the paper includes tables or figures, what do they add to the paper? Do they aid understanding or are they superfluous?.If the author is disagreeing significantly with the current academic consensus, do they have a substantial case? If not, what would be required to make their case credible?.Are the conclusions consistent with the evidence and arguments presented? Do they address the main question posed?.Is the paper well written? Is the text clear and easy to read?.How original is the topic? What does it add to the subject area compared with other published material?.What is the main question addressed by the research? Is it relevant and interesting?. ![]() Try to bear in mind the following questions - they'll help you form your overall impression: Keep a pen and paper handy when skim-reading. It will help you form an initial impression of the paper and get a sense of whether your eventual recommendation will be to accept or reject the paper. If you don't, make a note now that you need to feedback on how to improve those sections. Whether specifically required by the reporting format or not, you should expect to compile comments to authors and possibly confidential ones to editors only.įollowing the invitation to review, when you'll have received the article abstract, you should already understand the aims, key data and conclusions of the manuscript. If there are formal guidelines, let them direct the structure of your review. So when you agree to the work, it's worth checking for any journal-specific guidelines and requirements. Often you can't see these until you log in to submit your review. Or they might want you to rate the manuscript on various attributes using a scorecard. Sometimes they will ask you to address specific questions in your review via a questionnaire. Other journals require a more formal approach. In this case, you may wish to familiarize yourself with examples of other reviews done for the journal, which the editor should be able to provide or, as you gain experience, rely on your own evolving style. Many journals don't provide criteria for reviews beyond asking for your 'analysis of merits'. " Number your comments!!!" (Jonathon Halbesleben, former Editor of Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology) Some follow an informal structure, while others have a more formal approach. The structure of the review report varies between journals. It is also important at this stage to declare any potential Conflict of Interest. Try to respond to invitations promptly - it will prevent delays. When you receive an invitation to peer review, you should be sent a copy of the paper's abstract to help you decide whether you wish to do the review. The Second Read-Through: Section by Section GuidanceĬriticisms & Confidential Comments to EditorsĪdditional Resources Step by step guide to reviewing a manuscript ![]() ![]() Previously, Car Thing was only available to select eligible users in the U.S. Whether it’s using your voice, touch, or physical controls, Car Thing is intuitive and responsive during every in-car situation. This exploration and innovation is part of our ongoing commitment to building a truly frictionless experience for users across devices-in the car, at home, or on the go. These include Night Mode, which dims screen brightness in the evening, and an Add to Queue command, which lets you queue up your favorite music and podcasts by simply using your voice. Plus, we heard from drivers some requests that we are working to incorporate into future Car Thing updates. Second, Car Thing made it simpler to play exactly what they wanted, thanks to both the product interface (which they enjoy more than their previous in-car media) and the ease of using “Hey Spotify” to control what they wanted to listen to. We learned two major things from device owners: First, users were listening to Spotify in the car more than they had before. (And it makes it even more effortless to switch to something else when the mood strikes.)ĭuring our exploration phase, we discovered a lot about how people listen in the car, and for many users, how Car Thing can help improve that experience. Ĭar Thing enables listeners to play their favorite music and podcasts quickly using “Hey Spotify” voice commands, as well as simple taps, turns, and swipes-allowing listeners to start playing that hit song or the latest podcast episode before they pull out of the driveway. With Car Thing, even more audio fans can access Spotify’s entire catalog of music and podcasts across an even wider range of vehicles. We developed Car Thing because we saw that our users desired a more seamless and personalized in-car listening experience, no matter the year or model of their vehicle. Now, after these successful explorations, we’re excited to share that the device is available to purchase in the U.S. ![]() Then in October, we unveiled our limited release of Car Thing to Spotify Premium users. It preserves the ID3 tags such as original title, artist, album, artwork, track number, disc number and year after conversion.Listeners, start your engines: Car Thing is officially here.īack in April 2021, we announced our exploration of a smart player that could seamlessly fill your car with a world of music, news, entertainment, talk, and more.Allow users to add up to 500 songs from a playlist for converting and with 10X faster speed.Easily download and then convert songs into plain MP3, AAC, WAV, FLAC, AIFF and ALAC file formats for offline playing.Maintains 100% original quality of music after downloading and converting them.Download songs, playlists, podcasts and radio without Premium subscription of streaming sites.It’s really easy to use and special with all its advanced features that help you do more than simply download and convert Spotify songs. It can not only download Spotify music to your computer, but also convert Spotify songs, podcasts, playlists, and radios to MP3/AAC/WAV/FLAC/AIFF/ALAC. The TuneCable Spotify Music Downloader is a software that we want you to know about, if you are planning to easily download Spotify music and play from any device you want. The best way to download and play Spotify music on any mp3 player, is by using a powerful music downloading software. Extra Tips: How to Download and Play Spotify Music on MP3 Player? From 1959 to 1961, the Great Leap Forward resulted in a sharp economic decline and massive famine. ![]() Both claiming to be the sole legitimate government, the United Nations has recognized the PRC of that status since 1971. A division was caused in 1949 when the CCP established the People's Republic of China on the mainland while the KMT-led government of the ROC retreated to Taiwan island. After Japan's surrender in 1945, China's civil war renewed. A civil war between the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) broke out in 1927, though the war was halted when Japan invaded China in 1937. In its early years, the new republic saw warlords fighting against each other before centralizing in 1928 under the Nationalist government. The Chinese monarchy collapsed in 1912 with the Xinhai Revolution, when the ruler of Qing abdicated and handed over power to the Republic of China (ROC). The Manchu-led Qing dynasty affirmed its control further and established the basis for the modern Chinese nation, although subsequently suffered significant losses to European imperialism in the 19th century. The Mongol established the Yuan dynasty in 1279 before the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) re-established Han Chinese control. The early modern Song dynasty (960–1279) became urban and commercial while the civilian scholar-officials or literati adopted the examination system and the doctrines of Neo-Confucianism to replace the military aristocrats of earlier dynasties. The Tang welcomed foreign trade and culture over the Silk Road and adapted Buddhism to their needs. The empire expanded, fractured, and reunified absorbed foreign religions and ideas and made world-leading scientific advances, such as the Four Great Inventions: gunpowder, paper, the compass, and printing.Īfter centuries of disunity following the fall of the Han, the Sui (581–618) and Tang (618–907) dynasties reunified the empire. Together they laid the foundation for a political tradition of nearly two millennia in which the Chinese empire was one of the world's foremost economic powers. ![]() Fractured by the uprising peasants, the Qin was replaced by Liu Bang's Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE). In the third century BCE, the Qin dynasty ended the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period when Qin Shi Huangdi assumed the self-invented title of Huangdi (Emperor of China). Classic literature, and the Hundred Schools of Thought emerged during this period and influenced the region and beyond for centuries to come. Written script was developed and inscription of Bronze and engraving of Oracle bone became common. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a political system to serve hereditary monarchies. The mythical Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors marks the beginning of a shared identity. Modern China traces its origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. ![]() The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and largest financial center is Shanghai. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two special administrative regions ( Hong Kong and Macau). With an area of nearly 9.6 million square kilometres (3,700,000 sq mi), it is the world's third largest country by total land area. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, tied with Russia as having the most of any country in the world. It is the world's second-most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion. China ( Chinese: 中国 pinyin: Zhōngguó), officially the People's Republic of China ( PRC), is a country in East Asia. ![]() Such as adding digital signature block, making scanned PDF searchable and editable, encrypting, unlocking, processing files in batch, etc. Other than providing the basic features for users, a qualified PDF editor should also offer some advanced and robust features for users. When users turn a PDF file into an editable document, has the layout of the file changed? Except for editing and modifying the text, does the PDF editor have other tools such as annotating, inserting elements, rearranging pages, filling forms and signing PDF? You can check all of these on the product website or reviews. The first thing that users need to consider when selecting a professional editor is whether its editing functions are powerful. To choose a professional and suitable PDF editor, you can start from the following dimensions. How to Choose a PDF Editor for Windows 10/11? The fact is that Windows users can only use third-party software to edit PDF files. Perhaps many Microsoft users look forward to a built-in PDF editor like Mac Preview, so that users can easily achieve the function of viewing, modifying, editing and sharing PDF. Plus, users can open PDF with Microsoft Word and make it editable, but it requires installation and subscription. Microsoft Edge provides a basic PDF reader for users but can not edit files. The truth is no, there is not a built-in PDF editor on Windows currently. A 14-day free trial available on Windows 11/10/8/7įree Download Windows 11/10/8/7 Does Microsoft Windows Have a PDF Editor?. ![]() High security for your data and privacy.Other advanced features like OCR, annotate, fill & sign, compress, protect PDF, etc.Modify your PDF file anywhere and anytime.Replace PDF without losing layout and quality.Cisdem PDFMaster Best PDF Editor for Windows in 2023 ![]() bleeding, scabs or pus-filled sores appear in the same area as the itching.itching goes on for more than a week, or initially stops and then comes back.It’s particularly important to see your GP if: See your GP if you think your child might have scabies. It can take up to a month after infection for the rash to appear, because it takes this long for the scabies eggs to mature.ĭoes your child need to see a doctor about scabies? If this happens, there might be yellow crusting on the skin and it might be painful. When children scratch the itchy areas, they can sometimes get secondary infections. Scabies is extremely itchy, especially at night, or after a hot bath or shower. Or they might have thick, crusted areas on the affected skin. Some babies might get a rash on their heads and necks. In babies, the rash often appears on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet and might look like little blisters or pimples. In children and teenagers, the tracks appear especially between the fingers and toes, on the insides of wrists, on the backs of elbows, in the armpits, around the belly button and groin, and on the buttocks. On children with lighter skin, the lumps and tracks might look red. On children with darker skin, the lumps and tracks might look brown, purple or grey. Scabies usually shows up as lumps and threadlike ‘tracks’ on the skin. This is why there are often outbreaks in kindergartens, schools and nursing homes. But it can also spread to adults, including elderly relatives. ![]() Scabies is common in preschoolers and school-age children because they often come into close contact while playing. Scabies usually spreads through skin-to-skin contact. The infestation happens when female scabies mites burrow under the surface layer of the skin and lay their eggs in the small tunnels that form as they burrow. Scabies is a skin rash caused by an infestation of tiny insects (mites) called Sarcoptes scabiei. ![]() Upgrade to a Google One membership to get even more:
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